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These rules affect the spelling of endings of many nouns and adjectives. The endings in the chart
are listed with their basic spellings, i.e. they begin with the plain indicators: ы е а о у.
These letters are used if the stem ends in a plain paired consonant. If the stem ends in a different kind
of consonant, then certain endings may begin with the palatal indicators instead: и е я ё (if stressed) ю.
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Examples of basic endings (сестрђ 'sister'):
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ы
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е
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а
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о
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у
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сестрІ
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сестрљ
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сестрђ
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сестрћй
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сестрџ
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Examples of a stem ending in a paired palatalized consonant (роднї 'family, relatives'):
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и
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е
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я
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ё
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ю
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роднќ
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роднљ
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роднї
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роднёй
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роднє
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Examples of a stem ending in the sound /y/ (статьї 'article'):
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и
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е
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я
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ё
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ю
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статьќ
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статьљ
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статьї
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статьёй
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статьє
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If the stem ends in a noisy consonant (ч щ ш ж ц) or a velar consonant (к г х), then the first vowel of each ending will be from the basic series, except for the following replacements:
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Rule A:
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ы is replaced by и
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after:
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ч щ ш ж
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к г х
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Examples:
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врачќ
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кнќги
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хорћший
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рџчки
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instead of:
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стакђны
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бљлый
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Rule B:
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о is replaced by е
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when unstressed after:
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ч щ ш ж ц
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Examples:
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хорћшей
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нљмцем
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instead of:
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большћй
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отцћм
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