Several prepositions have two variants, e.g. в/во. The variant во is used before consonant clusters beginning with в-, ф-, and мн- as well as before certain vowel-less stems, e.g. во что, во сне.
Similar variations occur with several other prepositions, e.g. as к/ко and с/со. The entry in 5000 Russian Words or The Russian Dictionary Tree will tell you which consonant clusters affect each preposition.