APPENDIX 1: COMMENTS TO GRAMMAR SECTIONS

Section 4.1 Comment: The following А stems do not change the pre-suffix consonant in the non-past:

Section 4.3 Comment: There is one first conjugation А stem in which А is preceded by the hushing consonant Ж: ржђть ржџт 'neigh'. However this is a no-vowel А stem, and these are generally unruly. See Section 9.

Section 5.6 Comment: Among (НУ) stems the stem -СТИГ-НУ- (never used without a prefix) is peculiar in that it has two alternative forms of infinitive

Section 5.8 Comment:      One И stem, -ШИБ-И, is first conjugation. It also drops И in the past tense and then behaves like a Б stem, i.e., it does not have Л in the Masculine Singular, when no vowel follows. (See Section 12).

о-шиб-ќ-ть-ся 'make a mistake' о-шиб-џт-ся о-шќб-ся о-шќб-ла-сь о-шќб-лись

Section 5.9 Comment: Several И and Е stems in which the suffix is preceded by the consonants д, т, з, с do not have a first person singular form:

Section 7.2 Comment: There are several И verbs, whose non-past stem ends in й, that form the Imperative according to the rule of 7.3: their imperative ends in stressed И:

Section 9. Comment:

The verb создђть 'create' conjugates like дђть, even though соз- is not a prefix. Historically, the prefix is с(о)-, the root -зд- (cf. здђние 'building') and the verb is a no-vowel А verb. This shows up in the fact that создђть has two Imperfectives: the more common one is создавђть создаєт, formed by analogy with -дать verbs (cf. продђть Perf. — продавђть продђют Imp.). The more old-fashioned one is со-зид-ђ-ть со-зид-ђй-ут, formed according to the rule for no-vowel verbs: insert И, add -АЙ.

Section 11. Comment: The verb распїть 'crucify' is peculiar in that the vowel О is not inserted between the prefix ending in a consonant and the two consonants of the root: рас-пн-џт instead of the expected раз-о-пн-џт.

Section 19. Comment: The following no-vowel stems form Imperfectives with -Е-ВАЙ: (The list is not complete):

Section 20. Comment: The following stems use suffixes different from those prescribed by the rules of Section 20 (the list is not complete):

— The stems СЫП-А- and РЕЗ-А- use АЙ instead of ИВАЙ. The infinitives of Perfective and Imperfective partners differ only in stress:

      — The stem ЗДОРОВ-ЕЙ- uses ИВАЙ instead of ВАЙ: