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For под and за the distinction between location (Instrumental) and motion (Accusative) is relevant.
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под + Inst.
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'under, beneath' (location)
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Вћт ћн, под столћм.
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под + Acc.
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'under, beneath' (motion)
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Ктћ егћ положќл под стћл?
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за + Acc.
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'at (the table)' (motion)
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Ћн сљл ('sat down') за стћл.
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за + Inst.
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'at (the table)' (location)
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Вћт ћн сидќт ('is sitting') за столћм.
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за + Acc.
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'beyond' (motion)
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Ї љду зђ город.
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за + Inst.
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'beyond' (location)
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Ї живџ зђ городом.
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за + Inst
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'for' (to fetch something)
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Ї идџ на пћчту за мђрками.
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за + Acc.
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'in return for, in exchange for'
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Пїть тІсяч за іту машќну?
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за + Acc.
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(idiom: reply to Спасќбо!)
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Нљ за что.
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