The word џхо, mostly in the singular, but sometimes, informally, in the plural form џши, is also used to mean "the sense of hearing, the ability to hear." In this meaning, the word џхо combines with very few expressions;
these are also described in this entry, marked with a special note.
The word џхо is also used in the sense "an unusual perceptiveness for certain things," as in охћтничье џхо "a hunter's ear," музІкальное џхо "a musician's ear." This meaning is not treated in this dictionary.
мёрзнуть/замёрзнуть: у Ng џшиn мёрзнут;
замерзђть/замёрзнуть: у Ng џшиn замерзђют
|
N's ears are cold, are freezing
|
|
краснљть/покраснљть: у Ng1 џшиn краснљют от Ng2
|
N's2 ears are getting red from N2
|
NB
N2 = хћлод "cold," морћз "frost," or вљтер "wind."
|
отморђживать/отморћзить (себљd) џхоa;
обморђживать/обморћзить (себљd) џхоa
|
to get one's ear frostbitten
|
|
отморћженное џхо; обморћженное џхо
|
frostbitten ear
|
|
белљть/побелљть: у Ng1 џшиn побелљли от Ng2
|
N's1 ears became white from N2
|
NB
Usually, N2 = морћз "frost."
|
|
бљлое џхо
|
a white ear
|
|
растирђть/растерљть џхоa
|
to rub one's ear
|
|
У тебї џши бљлые! Нђдо растерљть ќх снљгом.
|
Your ears are white! You have to rub them with snow.
|
|
воспалљние срљднего џхаg; отќт Medical
|
inflammation of the inner ear, otitis
|
|
тљчь/потљчь [Pf-begin]: у Ng течёт из џхаg
|
N's ear is running
|
идтќ/пойтќ [Pf-begin]: у Ng гнћйn идёт из џхаg;
тљчь/потљчь [Pf-begin]: у Ng гнћйn течёт из џхаg;
гноќться/загноќться [Pf-begin]: у Ng џхоn гноќтся
|
pus is running out of N's ear
|
надџть [no Impf.]: Nd надџло џхоa;
продџть [no Impf.]: Nd продџло џхоa
|
N got an earache from cold air or wind
|
NB
Cold air (above) is often thought of as the cause for an earache. Note that продџть џхо in a personal construction means "to clear the ear passage using air pressure"; this usage is illustrated below.
|
|
заклђдывать/заложќть: у Ng заклђдывает џшиa (or џхоa);
Nd заклђдывает џшиa (or џхоa);
у Ng џшиn залћжены (or џхоn залћжено) Colloquial
|
N's ears are (or ear is) blocked, stuffed up
|
|
колћть [no Pf.]: у Ng в џхеp кћлет
|
N has a pain in his ear
|
стрелїть [no Pf.]: у Ng в џхеp стрелїет;
стрелїть [no Pf.]: у Ng џхоn стрелїет
|
N has a shooting pain in his ear
|
|
Вчерђ на џлице бІло ћчень хћлодно, мнљ продџло џхо. Сегћдня нћчью не моглђ спђть — в џхе стрелїло. Придётся снћва идтќ к ушникџ.
|
It was cold outside yesterday and I got an earache. Last night I couldn't sleep — there was a shooting pain in my ear. I'll have to go to an ear specialist again.
|
звенљть/зазвенљть [Pf-begin]: у Ng в ушђхp звенќт;
стоїть [no Pf.]: у Ng звћнn в ушђхp стоќт
|
N's ears are ringing
|
|
У менї всё ещё звћн в ушђх стоќт от вчерђшней мџзыки.
|
My ears are still ringing from yesterday's music.
|
|
шумљть/зашумљть [Pf-begin]: у Ng в џхеp шумќт
|
N's ear is buzzing
|
|
шџм в ушђхp
|
a buzzing in one's ears
|
|
сљра; сљра в џхеp; сљрная прћбка в џхеp
|
earwax
|
|
бћль (or рљзь) в џхеp
|
earache
|
|
зџд в џхеp
|
itching in one's ear
|
|
врђч џхо-гћрло-нћс; ушнќк Colloquial; њтоларингћлог Formal
|
ear, nose, and throat doctor, otolaryngologist
|
|
промывђть/промІть Nd џхоa
|
to flush out N's ear
|
|
продувђть/продџть Nd џхоa
|
to clear N's ear passage using air pressure
|
|
чќстить/прочќстить џхоa
|
to clean out one's ear
|
|
ушнІе кђпли
|
ear drops
|
|
кђпать (кђплиa) в џхоa
|
to put drops in one's ear
|
|
прогревђть/прогрљть џхоa (сќней лђмпойi)
|
to apply heat to one's ear (using a heat lamp)
|
|
прогревђние
|
heat treatment
|
|
стђвить/постђвить компрљссa на џхоa
|
to put a compress on one's ear
|
|
Ушнќк вІписал мнљ кђпли, велљл стђвить компрљссы и назнђчил прогревђния.
|
The ear specialist gave me drops, told me to put on compresses, and prescribed heat treatment.
|
|
хватђть/схватќть Na за џхоa (or зђ ухоa)
|
to grab N by the ear
|
|
дёргать/дёрнуть [Pf-once] Na за џхоa (or зђ ухоa)
|
to pull N's ear
|
|
крутќть [no Pf.] Nd џхоa
|
to twist N's ear
|
надирђть/надрђть Nd џшиa;
таскђть/оттаскђть Na зђ ушиa
|
to pull N's ears (as a fairly severe punishment)
|
NB
The expressions with the verbs надрђть and оттаскђть describe a common punishment, usually applied to children. It is more or less equivalent to the English "boxing someone's ears."
|
|
Мђть оттаскђла егћ зђ уши (or надрђла емџ џши).
|
His mother boxed his ears.
|
оторвђть [no Impf.] Nd (всљ) џшиa;
оборвђть [no Impf.] Nd (всљ) џшиa
|
to pull N's ears off (as a threat of punishment)
|
NB
The above two expressions are used only as a threat of punishment in direct address, usually directed to children. They are not used in describing events that took place. The literal meaning of the verbs оторвђть and оборвђть is "to pull off, to tear
off."
|
|
Протќвный мальчќшка! ТІ зачљм пристаёшь к Нќне? Ещё рђз увќжу, џши оторвџ!
|
You nasty little boy! Why are you pestering Nina? If I catch you doing it again, I'm going to pull your ears off!
|
|
ударїть/удђрить Na пћ ухуd
|
to hit N on the ear, to box N's ear
|
NB
The above expression indicates that the blow is inflicted intentionally.
|
|
ударїть/удђрить Na в џхоa
|
to hit N's ear
|
NB
The above expression may describe the situation where the blow is inflicted unintentionally; the subject of the verb might be, say, двљрь "door."
|
дђть [no Impf.] Nd в џхоa (or пћ ухуd) Colloquial;
съљздить [no Impf.] Nd пћ ухуd Highly Colloquial
|
to give it to N in the ear, to give N one in the ear
|
|
слІшать/услІшать
|
to hear
|
|
слџшать/послџшать [Pf-awhile]
|
to listen
|
|
хорошћ слІшать [no Pf.]
|
to hear well
|
|
плћхо слІшать [no Pf.]
|
to hear poorly
|
|
љле (or едвђ) слІшать [no Pf.]
|
to hear very poorly
|
|
Adv слІшать [no Pf.] прђвым (or лљвым, or однќм) џхомi
|
to hear Adv with one's right (or left, or one) ear
|
NB
Adv = хорошћ "well," плћхо "badly," љле "barely," едвђ "barely," etc.
|
|
Ї љле слІшу лљвым џхом.
|
I can hardly hear out of my left ear.
|
|
глухћй
|
deaf
|
|
глуховђтый
|
partially deaf
|
|
тугоџхий
|
hard of hearing
|
|
глухћй (or глуховђтый) на прђвое (or лљвое, or однћ) џхоa
|
(partially) deaf in the right (or left, or one) ear
|
тџг на прђвое (or лљвое, or однћ) џхоa;
крљпок на прђвое (or лљвое, or однћ) џхоa Colloquial
|
partially deaf in the right (or left, or one) ear, hard of hearing in the right (or left, or one) ear
|
|
Мћй отљц тџг на однћ џхо.
|
My father is almost deaf in one ear.
|
|
глћхнуть/оглћхнуть на прђвое (or лљвое, or однћ) џхоa
|
to become deaf in the right (or left, or one) ear
|
|
ухудшљние слџха Formal
|
hearing loss
|
|
слуховћй аппарђт
|
hearing aid
|
|
шептђть/прошептђть, шепнџть Nd в џхоa (or нђ ухоa)
|
to whisper into N's ear
|
|
говорќть/сказђть Nd в џхоa (or нђ ухоa)
|
to talk into N's ear
|
|
кричђть/крќкнуть Nd в џхоa
|
to yell into N's ear
|
|
над џхомi
|
nearby, within one's hearing
|
NB
The above expression is used with verbs denoting an emission of sound.
|
|
Над егћ џхом ктћ-то вздохнџл (or закричђл or заговорќл).
|
Nearby, someone sighed (or shouted or spoke).
|
|
раздирђть [no Pf.] џшиa
|
to be ear-splitting, to be so loud that one's ears hurt
|
|
Раздђлся раздирђющий џши свќст паровћза.
|
The ear-splitting whistle of the engine was heard.
|
|
свистљть [no Pf.]: вљтерn свистќт в ушђхp
|
the wind whistles in one's ears
|
|
звучђть/прозвучђть, зазвучђть [Pf-begin] в ушђхp
|
to be heard in one's mind or imagination
|
|
Мелћдия из фќльма дћ сих пћр в ушђх звучќт.
|
To this day I can still hear the melody from the film.
|
Дћ сих пћр в глазђх — снљга нђст,
Дћ сих пћр в ушђх — шмћна гђм.
[А. Гђлич]
|
To this day I can picture the frozen crust of snow,
To this day I can hear the noisy frisking! [A. Galich]
|
|
слІшать/услІшать крђемi џхаg
|
to hear in passing
|
|
слџшать вполџха; слџшать однќм џхомi
|
to listen with only half an ear, without paying full attention
|
|
доносќться/донестќсь: Nn1 (не) донћсится до џшей Ng2
|
N1 does(n't) reach N2's ears
|
|
наџшники
|
earphones
|
|
противошџмные наџшники
|
soundproofing headgear
|
|
затІчки для ушљйg; берџши Formal
|
ear plugs
|
|
чџткое џхо; тћнкое џхо
|
a sensitive ear, good ears; a discriminating ear
|
|
— Тќхо, а тћ отљц услІшит! У негћ ћчень чџткое џхо.
|
Be quiet, or else my father will hear! He has very good ears.
|
NB
The expressions чџткое џхо and тћнкое џхо shown above refer to a metonymic use of џхо (usually in the singular form) in the meaning "the sense of hearing, the ability to hear."
|
Movements related to hearing
|
наклонїть/наклонќть џхоa к Nd
|
to lean (lit. "to bend an ear") towards N
|
|
приставлїть/пристђвить ладћньa к џхуd
|
to cup one's ear
|
приклђдывать/приложќть џхоa к стенљd (or двљриd, etc.);
приставлїть/пристђвить џхоa к стенљd (or двљриd, etc.)
|
to press one's ear to the wall (or the door, etc.)
|
|
подносќть/поднестќ часІa (or рђковинуa, or телефћнную трџбкуa, etc.) к џхуd
|
to lift a watch (or a seashell, the telephone, etc.) to one's ear
|
|
Ћн поднёс часІ к џху. Онќ не тќкали.
|
He lifted the watch to his ear. It wasn't ticking.
|
|
приклђдывать/приложќть трџбкуa к џхуd
|
to put the (telephone) receiver to one's ear
|
|
Ћн снїл трџбку и приложќл её к џху.
|
He picked up the receiver and put it to his ear.
|
|
держђть [no Pf.] у џхаg трџбкуa
|
to hold the receiver at one's ear
|
|
поворђчиваться/повернџться к Nd прђвым (or лљвым, or здорћвым) џхомi
|
to turn one's right (or left, or good) ear towards N
|
NB
N = noun referring to a person or a source of sound, e.g. a radio.
|
наклонїться/наклонќться к (сђмому) џхуd Ng;
склонїться/склонќться к (сђмому) џхуd Ng
|
to lean over (right) to N's ear
|
|
...а Арчибђльд Арчибђльдович ужљ шептђл тќхо, нћ ћчень выразќтель-но, склонїясь к сђмому џху Корћвьева... [М. Булгђков, Мђстер и Маргарќта]
|
... but Archibald Archibaldovich was already leaning over right to Korovyev's ear, whispering quietly but expressively... [M. Bulgakov, Master and Margarita]
|
|
шевелќть/зашевелќть [Pf-begin], пошевелќть [Pf-awhile] ушђмиi
|
to wiggle one's ears
|
|
Пљтя умљет шевелќть ушђми!
|
Petya can wiggle his ears!
|
|
мІть/вІмыть, помІть џшиa
|
to wash one's ears
|
|
чќстить/прочќстить џшиa
|
to clean out one's ears
|
|
ковырїть [no Pf.] в џхеp
|
to dig in one's ear (with one's finger)
|
|
заклђдывать/заложќть карандђшa (or рџчкуa, or папирћсуa, etc.) за џхоa (or зђ ухоa)
|
to put a pencil (or pen, cigarette, etc.) behind one's ear
|
|
брђть/взїть Na за џхоa (or зђ ухоa)
|
to take N by the ear
|
сдвигђть/сдвќнуть шлїпуa (or шђпкуa, or берљтa, etc.) нђ ухоa;
залђмывать/заломќть шлїпуa (or шђпкуa, or берљтa, etc.) нђ ухоa
|
to tilt/cock one's hat (or cap, beret, etc.) over one's ear
|
|
Сљрый берљт ћн лќхо заломќл нђ ухо. [М. Булгђков, Мђстер и Маргарќта]
|
He cocked his grey beret jauntily over his ear. [M. Bulgakov, Master and Margarita]
|
|
натїгивать/натянџть шђпкуa (or берљтa, etc.) нђ ушиa
|
to pull one's hat (or beret, etc.) down over one's ears
|
|
прижимђть/прижђть џшиa к головљd
|
to flatten one's ears against one's head, to pin back one's ears
|
|
вставђть/встђть: у Ng џшиn встђли (торчкћм)
|
N's ears stood erect
|
насторђживать/насторожќть џшиa;
навострїть/навострќть џшиa Colloquial
|
to prick up one's ears
|
NB
The above expression can be used metaphorically to refer to human beings.
|
|
Собђка зђмерла и насторожќла џши.
|
The dog stood still and pricked up its ears.
|
|
УслІшав, что мІ говорќм о нём, мальчќшка навострќл џши.
|
The boy heard us talking about him and pricked up his ears.
|
|
вздрђгивать/вздрћгнуть: у Ng џшиn вздрђгивают
|
N's ears are quivering
|
|
двќгать/задвќгать [Pf-begin] ушђмиi
|
to move one's ears
|
|
шевелќть/пошевелќть, зашевелќть [Pf-begin] ушђмиi
|
to move one's ears in a slow, lazy manner
|
|
поводќть/повестќ ушђмиi
|
to twitch one's ears slightly
|
|
прїдать/запрїдать [Pf-begin] ушђмиi
|
to twitch/flick one's ears; to pin one's ears back
|
|
Лћшадь пуглќво прїдала ушђми.
|
The horse nervously twitched its ears.
|
|
встрїхивать/встряхнџть [Pf-once] ушђмиi
|
to flick one's ears
|
|
чесђть/почесђть Nd зђ ухомi (or за џхомi, or за ушђмиi)
|
to scratch N behind the ears
|
|
Нђша кћшка обожђет, когдђ љй чљшут за ушђми.
|
Our cat loves to be scratched behind the ears.
|
|
... [головђ] тђк утрќрованно откќнута назђд на чересчџр тћнкой шље, тђк пІшно вьєтся и встаєт дІбом мїгкие рыжевђтые вћлосы... тђк торчђт оттопІренные џши. [Г. Ивђнов, Петербџргские зќмы, о Мандельштђме]
|
... [the head] is thrown back so dramatically, on such an extremely thin neck, and the soft reddish hair stands on end, forming such a bushy mass of curls, and the ears protrude so conspicuously... [G. Ivanov, Petersburg Winters, on Mandelshtam]
|
|
...неизвљстного вћзраста человљк — существћ с жќлистой птќчьей шљей и... с осћбенно блљдными, прозрђчно-восковІми, большќми ушђми. [З. Гќппиус, Благоухђние седќн, о Победонћсцеве]
|
...a man of indeterminate age — a creature with a sinewy bird-like neck and... with large, very pale, waxy-transparent ears. [Z. Gippius, Sweet Old Age, on Pobedonostsev]
|
|
...скрутќв однџ папирћсу, клђл её себљ зђ ухо, скрутќв вторџю — за другће... [Г. Газдђнов, НочнІе дорћги]
|
...he rolled one cigarette and parked it behind his ear; then he rolled a second one and parked it behind the other... [G. Gazdanov, Night Roads]
|
|
Маргарќта сидљла, заткнџв пђльцами џши, и глядљла на совџ, дремђвшую на камќнной пћлке. [М. Булгђков, Мђстер и Маргарќта]
|
Margarita sat there plugging her ears shut, looking at the owl dozing on the mantlepiece. [M. Bulgakov, Master and Margarita]
|
|
Но Ќшка [ишачќха] рассердќлась, прижђла џши к затІлку и мотнџла головћй в нђшу стћрону. [О. Перћвская, Ребїта и зверїта]
|
But Ishka [a donkey] became angry, pinned her ears back, and shook her head in our direction. [O. Perovskaya, Children and Baby Animals]
|
|
Хћдит-хћдит [медвежћнок] спокћйно по дворџ,... вдрџг поднќмет гћлову, поведёт ушђми и помчќтся вокрџг дћма... [О. Перћвская, Ребїта и зверїта]
|
It [a bear cub] walks and walks calmly around the yard,.. suddenly it lifts its head, moves its ears, and runs around the house... [O. Perovskaya, Children and Baby Animals]
|
|
По какќм-то емџ [пџделю] одномџ извљстным прќзнакам ћн всегдђ безошќбочно узнавђл дорћгу и, вљсело болтђя мохнђтыми ушђми, кидђлся галћпом вперёд. [А. Купрќн, Бљлый пџдель]
|
He [the poodle] would confidently recognize the road by some signs known to him alone, and would bound ahead, merrily flapping his shaggy ears. [A. Kuprin, "The White Poodle"]
|