body: Entire Entry

тљло body

Тљло у Мђши бІло красќвое и стрћйное.	Masha had a beautiful, slender body.
... Трђум бІл корћтенький человљк... с мђленькими рџчками и бесфћрменным тљлом, бћлее ширћким, чем тћлстым. [В. Набоков, Дар]	... Traum was a short little man... with delicate little hands and a shapeless body that was more stocky than fat. [V. Nabokov, The Gift]

Semantics

This entry is concerned with the use of the word тљло to refer to human and animal bodies; common sense will dictate which of the expressions in this entry can or cannot be used to refer to animals or humans. The word тљло is also used to refer to the part of a human or animal body excluding the head and limbs. This usage is also described in this entry. In some cases, the context can help to distinguish between the two usages, e.g. громђдная головђ на тщедџшном тљле "an enormous head on a frail body." In most cases, this distinction is irrelevant. The word тљло is also used to refer to a corpse. This usage is not described in this entry. In addition, the word тљло has meanings that are not related to human or animal bodies at all, for example, "material, substance" (жќдкие телђ "liquid materials") or "an object in space" (небљсные телђ "heavenly bodies"); these meanings are not described in this dictionary.

Morphology

тљло SE n.in.noun

Syntax

Syntactic actants

Actant 1: whose body it is
(a) Genitive
(b) Possessive

Тљло Мђши бІло корќчневое от загђра.	Masha's body was brown from the sun.
Егћ тљло напряглћсь.	His body tensed.
NB When the word тљло functions as a subject and does not have a descriptive modifier, the construction тљло у + Genitive is often preferred to (a) and (b), above:
Тљло у Мђши бІло корќчневое от загђра.	Masha's body was brown from the sun.

Lexical Relationships

Synonyms

тџловище	torso
телесђ Colloquial and Jocular or Ironical	*flesh (particularly of a fat person)*

Diminutives

тљльце

body

Syntactic derivatives

телљсный	corporal; bodily; physical; corporeal
NB The above adjective (and its synonym физќческий) is used in opposition to духћвный "spiritual," and душљвный "emotional," "heartfelt," "cordial":
физќческие (or телљсные) потрљбности человљка	a person's physical needs

Parts

чђсти тљла_g	body parts
тџловище	torso
головђ	head
рџки	arms
нћги	legs

Appearance, conditions, and sensations

Size and shape; aesthetics

NB Most of the adjectives listed below as modifying the word тљло may also refer to a person's physical characteristics when modifying such words as человљк, мужчќна, жљнщина, etc., or when used in such sentences as Ћн слќшком худћй "He is too thin." The following adjectives are exceptions: корћткий, длќнный, тћнкий, пропорционђльный.
телосложљние	build, frame
большће тљло; крџпное тљло	a large body
огрћмное тљло	an enormous body
мђленькое тљло	a small body
длќнное тљло	a long body
корћткое тљло	a short body
пћлное тљло	a full body
упќтанное тљло	a plump body
тћлстое тљло	a fat body
жќрное тљло; оплІвшее тљло	an obese body
тџчное тљло	a corpulent body
тћнкое тљло	a thin body
худће тљло	a skinny body
красќвое тљло	a beautiful body
стрћйное тљло	a shapely body
пропорционђльное тљло	a well-proportioned body
бІть хорошћ слћжен/сложенђ	to be well-built
грацићзное тљло	a graceful body
некрасќвое тљло; безобрђзное тљло	an ugly body
бесфћрменное тљло	a shapeless body

Color and other visible properties

NB Most of the adjectives listed below as modifying the word тљло may also refer to a person's physical characteristics when modifying such words as человљк, мужчќна, жљнщина, etc., or when used in such sentences as Ћн слќшком худћй "He is too thin." The following adjectives are exceptions: тёмный, корќчневый.
бљлое тљло	a white body
рћзовое тљло	a rosy body
чёрное тљло	a black body
смџглое тљло	an olive-skinned body
загорљлое тљло	a tanned body
брћнзовое тљло	a bronzed body
корќчневое тљло	a brown body
тёмное тљло	a dark body
мускулќстое тљло	a muscular body
плћтное тљло	a stocky body
Adv сбќтое тљло	a well-built body
NB Adv = a mandatory adverb, e.g. крљпко "solidly," лђдно "finely," etc.
костлївое тљло; N — кћжа_n да кћсти_n; N — мешћк_n с костїми_i	a bony body, N is all skin and bones, a bag of bones
NB N denotes a person.
Ћн стрђшно похудљл — кћжа да кћсти.	He lost a lot of weight — he's nothing but skin and bones.
гћлое тљло	a naked body
обнажённое тљло	a bare body
волосђтое тљло	a hairy body
пћтное тљло	a sweaty body
*лоснќться [no Pf.]: у N_g тљло_n лоснќтся*	N's body glistens

Tactile properties; weight

нљжное тљло	a tender body
мїгкое тљло	a soft body
глђдкое тљло	a smooth body
шершђвое тљло	a rough-skinned body
горїчее тљло	a hot body
разгорячённое тљло	a hot body
NB The above phrase usually describes a body warmed from exercise.
холћдное тљло	a cold body
закоченљвшее тљло	a body numbed by cold
лёгкое тљло	a light body
тяжёлое тљло	a heavy body

Strength and agility

NB Most of the adjectives listed below as modifying the word тљло may also refer to a person's physical characteristics when modifying such words as человљк, мужчќна, жљнщина, etc., or when used in such sentences as Ћн слќшком худћй "He is too thin."
сќльное тљло; крљпкое тљло	a strong body
могџчее тљло	a powerful body
тренирћванное тљло	a body toned by exercise
слђбое тљло; бессќльное тљло	a weak body
хрџпкое тљло	a fragile body
хќлое тљло; тщедџшное тљло	a puny body
гќбкое тљло	a lithe body
лћвкое тљло	a graceful body

Body exposed to cold

дрожђть/задрожђть [Pf-begin] от хћлода_g; трястќсь/затрястќсь [Pf-begin] от хћлода_g	to shiver from cold
дрожђть/задрожђть [Pf-begin] всљм тљлом_i; трястќсь/затрястќсь [Pf-begin] всљм тљлом_i; пробегђть/пробежђть: по всемџ тљлу_d пробегђет дрћжь_n (or ознћб_n)	to shiver all over

Characteristics of age

дрїблое тљло	a flabby, flaccid body
вІсохшее тљло	a withered body

Sensations and medical conditions

NB Some of the adjectives listed below as modifying the word тљло may also refer to a person's physical characteristics when modifying such words as человљк, мужчќна, жљнщина, etc., or when used in such sentences as Ћн слќшком худћй "He is too thin." The following adjectives are exceptions: бездыхђнный, распростёртый.
*болљть/заболљть [Pf-begin]: у N_g (всё) тљло_n болќт*	N's (whole) body hurts
*нІть/занІть [Pf-begin]: у N_g (всё) тљло_n нћет*	N's (whole) body aches
бІть покрІто: у N_g тљло_n покрІто сІпью_i (or пїтнами_i, болїчками_i, синякђми_i, etc.)	N's body is covered with a rash (or spots, sores, bruises, etc.)
больнће тљло	a sick body
здорћвое тљло	a healthy body
безжќзненное тљло	a limp body
NB The phrase безжќзненное тљло, above, does not necessarily indicate death, as opposed to бездыхђнное тљло, below. The phrase безжќзненное тљло may be used to refer to the body of a person who is asleep, unconscious, or "dead" drunk.
бездыхђнное тљло	a lifeless body
распростёртое тљло	a prostrate body
Какќе-то лєди стоїли над распростёртым на тротуђре тљлом.	There were some people standing over the prostrate body on the sidewalk.

Conditions caused by physical states

напряжённое тљло	a tense body
расслђбленное тљло	a relaxed body
*обмїкнуть [no Impf.]: тљло_n обмїкло*	someone's body became limp
висљть/повќснуть: тљло_n (безжќзненно) повќсло на N_p	someone's body (limply) hung on N
Глђзки ребёнка скћро закрћются и егћ тљло безжќзненно повќснет на моќх рукђх.	The child's eyes will close soon, and his limp body will hang in my arms.

Conditions caused by emotional states

дрожђть/задрожђть [Pf-begin] всљм тљлом_i; трястќсь/затрястќсь [Pf-begin] всљм тљлом_i	to tremble all over
пробегђть/пробежђть: у N_g мурђшки_n по тљлу_d пробегђют	N has the creeps
NB The above phrases indicate fear or horror.
окаменљть [no Impf.] от џжаса_g; оцепенљть [no Impf.] от џжаса_g; застывђть/застІть от џжаса_g; пошевелќть [no Impf.]: не мћчь дђже пђльцем_i пошевелќть	to be rooted to the spot from fear
NB The above phrases indicate fear or horror.
замирђть/замерљть от востћрга_g (or восхищљния_g or удивлљния_g)	to be awestruck with rapture (or admiration or surprise)
*остолбенљть [no Impf.] от удивлљния_g (or изумлљния_g)*	to be stunned from surprise (or amazement)
*сотрясђться [no Pf.] всљм тљлом_i*	someone's body heaves
NB The above expression describes the movement one makes while sobbing.
*сотрясђться [no Pf.]: тљло_n сотрясђется от хћхота_g (or от смљха_g)*	one's body shakes from laughter

Movements

надевђть/надљть N_a на гћлое тљло_a; накќдывать/накќнуть N_a на гћлое тљло_a	to put N on one's bare body
Ћн накќнул халђт на гћлое тљло и пошёл открывђть двљрь.	He threw his robe on over his naked body and went to open the door.
закрывђть/закрІть N_a своќм тљлом_i	to cover, to shield N with one's own body
Алексђндр Матрћсов закрІл своќм тљлом амбразџру врђжеского пулемёта.	Aleksandr Matrosov threw himself on the enemy machine gun.
навђливаться/навалќться на N_a всљм тљлом_i	to lean upon N with one's whole body

Sample texts

И тћлько когдђ сќльное тљло, прижђтое ќм к пћлу, вдрџг обмїкло и стђло стонђть, ћн встђл... [В. Набћков, Мђшенька]	*And only when the heavy body that he pressed to the floor eased and started to moan did he get up... [V. Nabokov, Mary]*
... но тџт Лџжин навалќлся всљм тљлом, и двљрь закрІлась... [В. Набћков, Защќта Лџжина]	*... but at this point, Luzhin threw his whole body into it, and the door closed... [V. Nabokov, The Defense]*
... и затљм пришлћсь втђскивать безжќзненное тяжёлое тљло в автомобќль... [В. Набћков, Защќта Лџжина]	*... and then it was necessary to haul the limp body to the car... [V. Nabokov, The Defense]*
... на порћге вестибєля показђлась тётя — ширћкий чесучћвый балахћн на большћм дрїблом тљле... [И. Бџнин, Антќгона]	... on the threshold of the vestibule the aunt appeared, a tussah overall on her large, flabby body... [I. Bunin, "Antigone"]
... под тћнкой рубђшкой угђдывалось крџпное, могџчее ещё тљло. [В. Шукшќн, И разыгрђлись же кћни в пћле]	... under the thin shirt you could make out his large, still-powerful body. [V. Shukshin, "The Stallions Gamboled in the Field"]