шљя neck

На шље у негћ бІл крђсный шђрф. He was wearing a red scarf around his neck.

Semantics

This entry is concerned with the use of the word шљя to refer to the part of the body between the torso and the head of humans and animals; common sense will dictate which of the expressions in this entry can or cannot be used to refer to animals or humans.

Morphology

шљя SS f.in.noun

Syntax

Syntactic actants

Actant 1: whose neck it is
(a) Genitive
(b) Possessive
Ћн крљпко обхватќл шљю сІна. He threw his arms around his son's neck, and hugged him.
Егћ шљя былђ чёрная от загђра. His neck was brown from the sun.
NB When the word шљя functions as a subject and does not have a descriptive modifier, the construction шљя у + Genitive is often preferred to (a) and (b), above:
Шљя у негћ былђ чёрная от загђра. His neck was brown from the sun.

Lexical Relationships

Synonyms

вІя Archaic neck

Diminutives

шљйка neck

Syntactic derivatives

шљйный neck (as modifier)
шљйный позвонћк the cervical vertebra
шљйный платћк ascot
-шљий -necked
длинношљий long-necked

Parts

гћрло throat
затІлок the nape of the neck
NB In most contexts the word затІлок means "the back of the head."
кадІк Adam's apple
Appearance and conditions

Size and shape; aesthetics

изгќб шљиg the curve of the neck
длќнная шљя a long neck
длинношљий long-necked
корћткая шљя a short neck
пћлная шљя a full neck
тћлстая шљя a plump neck
жќрная шљя a fat neck
тћнкая шљя a thin neck; a slender neck
худђя шљя a gaunt neck
птќчья шљя a bird-like neck
NB The above phrase expresses a negative attitude.
прямђя шљя a straight neck
кривђя шљя a crooked neck
кривошљий having a crooked neck
стрћйная шљя a well-molded neck
лебедќная шљя a swan-like neck
NB The above phrase is used to describe a woman's neck.
точёная шљя a well-turned neck
NB The above phrase is used to describe a woman's neck.
красќвая шљя a beautiful neck

Color

бљлая шљя a white neck
мрђморная шљя a marble neck
NB The above phrase describes a woman's neck.
крђсная шљя a red neck
кирпќчная шљя a brick-red neck
корќчневая шљя a brown neck
чёрная от загђраg шљя a neck brown from the sun
загорљлая шљя a tanned neck
брћнзовая шљя a bronzed neck

Other visible properties

глђдкая шљя a smooth neck
морщќнистая шљя a wrinkled neck
жќлистая шљя a sinewy neck
зарћсшая шљя a neck covered with hair
Постригќте егћ, пожђлуйста! И шљю тћже, вќдите, кђк зарослђ. Give him a haircut please. And trim the hair on his neck, too — see how it's grown there?
чќстая шљя a clean neck
грїзная шљя a dirty neck
пћтная шљя a sweaty neck
нљжная шљя a soft neck

Strength

мускулќстая шљя a muscular neck
мћщная шљя a powerful neck
бІчья шљя a bull's neck

Medical conditions; inflicting and sustaining injuries; hanging

неподвќжная шљя a stiff neck
поворђчиваться [no Pf.]: у Ng шљяn не поворђчивается N's neck does not move
У негћ окостенљние позвонћчника, шљя не поворђчивается. He has calcification of the vertebrae; he can't move his neck.
свќхивать/свихнџть Nd/(себљd) шљюa to strain N's/one's neck
сломђть [no Impf.] Nd/(себљd) шљюa to break N's/one's neck
свернџть [no Impf.] шљюa Nd to wring N's neck
NB N is usually a bird. When N is a person, the phrase shown above represents a threat:
Пџсть тћлько попрћбует! МІ свернём емџ шљю. Just let him try! We'll wring his neck!
дђть [no Impf.] Nd по шљеd Colloquial;
двќнуть [no Impf.] Nd по шљеd Colloquial
to give N one on the neck, to hit N on the neck
NB The above expressions are usually used as a threat.
Сейчђс кђк дђм (or двќну) по шље! Watch out! I'll give you one in the neck!
вљшать/повљсить Na to hang N
вљшаться/повљситься to hang oneself

Scarfs and adornments

шђрф; кашнљ a scarf
бџсы; ожерљлье a necklace
цепћчка a chain
висљть [no Pf.]: бџсыn (or ожерљльеn, or шђрфn, etc.) висїт (or висќт) на шљеp a necklace (or a scarf, etc.) is around one's neck, is hanging from one's neck
бІть [no Pf.]: на шљеp у Ng бІл шђрфn (or бІло кашнљn, etc.) N was wearing a scarf, etc.
обвїзывать/обвязђть шљюa шђрфомi (or кашнљi, etc.);
повїзывать/повязђть шљюa шђрфомi (or кашнљi, etc.)
to wrap a scarf, etc., around one's neck

Movements and gestures

наклонїть/наклонќть шљюa;
сгибђть/согнџть шљюa
to bend one's neck
NB Compare the above phrase with гнџть шљю перед Ni "to kowtow," e.g. Ћн привІк гнџть шљю перед начђльством. "He's used to kowtowing before his superiors."
вытїгивать/вІтянуть шљюa to stretch one's neck
NB The above is usually used when one is trying to examine something.
поворђчивать/повернџть шљюa to turn one's neck
обхвђтывать/обхватќть шљюa Ng;
обхвђтывать/обхватќть Na за шљюa
to hold onto N by the neck, to put one's arms around N's neck
обнимђть/обнїть Na за шљюa to hug N (with the arms around the neck)
Онђ обнялђ отцђ за худџю, жќлистую шљю. She hugged her father by his thin, sinewy neck.
держђться [no Pf.] за шљюa to hold onto someone's neck
кидђться/кќнуться (or бросђться/ брћситься) Nd на шљюa to throw oneself on N's neck
вќснуть/повќснуть на шљеp to hang on someone's neck
NB The above phrase with вќснуть на шљеp also has a figurative meaning: it is said of a woman who obsessively expresses her feelings of affection for a man.

Sample texts

...неизвљстного вћзраста человљк — существћ с жќлистой птќчьей шљей и... с осћбенно блљдными, прозрђчно-восковІми, большќми ушђми. [З. Гќппиус, Благоухђние седќн; о Победонћсцеве] ...a man of indeterminate age — a creature with a sinewy bird-like neck and... with large, very pale, waxy-transparent ears. [Z. Gippius, Sweet Old Age; about Pobedonostsev]
И когдђ мІ выхћдим, шофёр, ширћкий пђрень в бљлой рубђхе с мћщной корќчневой шљей, отвћдит в стћрону рџку Олљга с рублём... [Ю. Карабчиљвский, Тоскђ по Армљнии] And as we were getting out, the driver, a broad-shouldered fellow whose white shirt exposed a powerful, brown neck, pushed Oleg's hand with a ruble in it aside... [Yu. Karabchievskiy, Homesick for Armenia]
Костлївая шљя Пирамидћнова почемџ-то вызывђла не жђлость, а желђние отвернџться или спрїтать её кђк-нибудь — закџтать её в шђрф, чтћ ли, или поднїть емџ воротнќк пальтћ. For some reason, Piramidonov's bony neck did not evoke pity, but rather a desire to turn away, or to hide it somehow — wrap it up in a scarf, maybe, or raise the collar of his coat.