реснќца eyelash, lash

Глазђ её бІли окаймленІ длќнными реснќцами. Her eyes were fringed with long lashes.

Semantics

This entry is primarily concerned with the use of the word реснќца denoting human eyelashes, though it can also refer to the eyelashes of animals. No specific words or expressions exist for eyelashes of animals; common sense will dictate which of the expressions can or cannot be used to refer to animals.

Morphology

реснќца SS f.in.noun

Syntax

Syntactic actants

Actant 1: whose eyelashes they are
(a) Genitive
(b) Possessive
Ћн увќдел слёзы на реснќцах ребёнка. He noticed tears on the child's lashes.
Её и без тогћ тёмные реснќцы бІли сќльно накрђшены. Her naturally dark eyelashes were heavily made up.
NB When the word реснќцы functions as a subject and does not have a descriptive modifier (like тёмные, above), the construction реснќцы у + Genitive is often preferred to (a) and (b), above:
Реснќцы у неё бІли сќльно накрђшены. Her eyelashes were heavily made up.

Restrictive modifiers

NB Unlike many other body parts that come in pairs, the word реснќца cannot be modified by лљвый and прђвый. Nor can one use the phrases реснќцы лљвого/прђвого глђза or реснќцы вљрхних/нќжних вљк. These phrases are used instead:
(a) adjectival modifier (but not лљвый/прђвый)
(b) prepositional phrase: на + Adj + Locative of глђз or Prepositional of вљко/вљки
вљрхние/нќжние реснќцы upper/lower lashes
реснќцы на лљвом/прђвом глазџ the lashes on the left/right eye
реснќцы на вљрхних/нќжних вљках the lashes on the upper/lower lids
вљрхние реснќцы на лљвом глазџ the upper lashes on the left eye
Реснќцы на нќжних вљках рљже, чљм на вљрхних. The lashes on the lower lids are sparser than on the upper ones.

Lexical Relationships

Diminutives

реснќчка eyelash

Syntactic derivatives

реснќчный eyelash (as modifier)
реснќчный пинцљт eyelash tweezers

Parts

кћнчики реснќцg tips of the eyelashes
На кћнчиках её длќнных реснќц сверкђл ќней. The tips of her long eyelashes sparkled with frost.
Appearance and conditions

Size, shape, and thickness; aesthetics

длќнные реснќцы long lashes
корћткие реснќцы short lashes
прямІе реснќцы straight lashes
зђгнутые реснќцы curly lashes
зђгнутые квљрху реснќцы lashes that curl up
зђгнутые кнќзу реснќцы lashes that curl down
густІе реснќцы thick lashes
рљдкие реснќцы sparse lashes
пушќстые реснќцы fluffy lashes
шелковќстые реснќцы silky lashes
красќвые реснќцы beautiful lashes

Color (natural and sun-bleached)

тёмные реснќцы dark eyelashes
чёрные реснќцы black eyelashes
свљтлые реснќцы light eyelashes
рІжие реснќцы red eyelashes
белёсые реснќцы; бесцвљтные реснќцы pale eyelashes, whitish eyelashes
выгорђть/вІгореть: реснќцыn вІгорели (на сћлнцеp) someone's eyelashes are bleached (by the sun)
вІгоревшие (на сћлнцеp) реснќцы (sun-)bleached eyelashes
NB Although the adjectives каштђновые "chestnut," рџсые "light-brown," and белокџрые "light-blond" are used with the word вћлосы "hair," they are not used with реснќцы.

Conditions

выпадђть/вІпасть: у Ng реснќцыn выпадђют N's eyelashes are falling out
попадђть/попђсть: Nd реснќцаn попђла в глђзa N's eyelash has fallen in his eye
Мнљ реснќца в глђз попђла и кћлет. I have a lash in my eye, and it hurts.
залеплїть/залепќть: снљгn залепќл Nd реснќцыa N's eyelashes are glued together with snow
нависђть/навќснуть: слёзыn нависђют на реснќцахp tears hang on one's eyelashes
Двљ крџпные слезІ навќсли на реснќцах мђльчика. Two large teardrops were hanging on the little boy's lashes.
блестљть/заблестљть [Pf-begin]: слёзыn блестїт на реснќцахp tears sparkle on one's eyelashes
мћкрые реснќцы wet eyelashes
мћкрые от слёзg реснќцы eyelashes wet with tears
кђпать/кђпнуть: слёзыn кђпают с реснќцg tears drip from one's eyelashes
на реснќцахp on one's eyelashes
ќней на реснќцах frost on one's eyelashes
слёзы на реснќцах tears on one's eyelashes

Make-up

крђсить/накрђсить, подкрђсить (себљd) реснќцыa to put make-up on one's eyelashes
накрђшенные реснќцы painted eyelashes, eyelashes with make-up on them
подкрђшенные реснќцы slightly painted eyelashes, eyelashes with some make-up on them
тџшь для реснќцg mascara
загибђть/загнџть реснќцыa to curl one's eyelashes
искџсственные реснќцы; наклљенные реснќцы; накладнІе реснќцы false eyelashes

Movements and gestures

вздрђгивать/вздрћгнуть: у Ng реснќцыn вздрђгивают;
дрћгнуть [no Impf.]: у Ng реснќцыn дрћгнули
N's eyelashes quiver
NB The above expressions indicate an emotional state such as excitement, hurt or grievance.
«А тІ остђнешься дћма», — сказђл ћн женљ. У неё вздрћгнули реснќцы, нћ онђ ничегћ не отвљтила. "You're staying home", he told his wife. Her eyelashes quivered, but she said nothing.
опускђть/опустќть реснќцыa to lower one's eyelashes
NB The above expression often indicates embarrassment.
поднимђть/поднїть реснќцыa to raise one's eyelashes
взмђхивать/взмахнџть реснќцамиi to flutter one's eyelashes, to bat one's eyelashes
Стћит љй взмахнџть своќми длќнными реснќцами, кђк ћн бџдет у её нћг! All she has to do is bat her long eyelashes and he'll throw himself at her feet!
хлћпать [no Pf.] реснќцамиi Colloquial to blink (one's eyes)
NB The above expression indicates a state of confusion or surprise.
Тџт нђдо дљйствовать, а тІ хлћпаешь реснќцами! It's time to act, and you just stand there blinking your eyes!

Other expressions

лљзть [no Pf.]: Nd реснќцыn лљзут в глазђa N's eyelashes get in his eyes
Надољли мнљ моќ реснќцы! Вљчно лљзут в глазђ! I'm sick of these eyelashes! They're always getting in my eyes!
вырывђть/вІрвать реснќцуa to pull out an eyelash
ВІрви реснќцу и загадђй желђние. Pull out a lash and make a wish.
NB The above example refers to a popular superstition: the lash is put on one hand, the hand is hit with the other hand, and if the lash flies off, the wish is granted.
из-под реснќцg from under one's eyelashes
Онђ удивлённо взглянџла из-под реснќц. She gave a look of surprise from under her eyelashes.
сквћзь реснќцыa through one's eyelashes
Сквћзь реснќцы полуприкрІтых глђз ћн вќдел, кђк постепљнно наступђла темнотђ. Through the lashes of his half-closed eyes he saw the dark gradually creeping in.

Sample texts

Онђ прошлђ мќмо негћ, прошлђ рћвной, тороплќво-смирљнной похћдкой монђхини — и не взглянџла на негћ; тћлько реснќцы обращённого к немџ глђза чџть-чџть дрћгнули... [И. Тургљнев, Дворїнское гнездћ] She walked past him, walked past with the hurried, meek walk of a nun, and did not look at him; but the lashes on the eye nearest him quivered ever so slightly. [I. Turgenev, A Nest of Gentlefolk]
Какђя-то хорћшенькая молодђя балерќна... уверїла, стыдлќво опускђя реснќцы, что ћн [Єрий Ђнненков] дђже спќт с монћклем. [И. Одћевцева, На берегђх НевІ] Some pretty, young ballerina, lowering her eyelashes in embarrassment, maintained that he [Yuri Annenkov] even slept with his monocle on. [I. Odoyevtseva, On the Banks of the Neva]