пћт sweat, perspiration

sweat
Мћкрые от пћта бокђ лћшади блестљли. The horse's sides shone wet with sweat.
perspiration
Ћн вІтер пћт с лицђ и шљи и повљсил мћкрое полотљнце на сћлнце. He wiped the perspiration from his face and neck and hung the damp towel in the sun.

Semantics

This term is used in referring to both humans and animals.

Morphology

пћт SE Part. -у, Loc. (в) -џ; m.in.noun
NB Irregular in the phrase в пћте лицђ "by the sweat of one's brow."

Syntax

Syntactic actants

Actant 1: whose sweat it is
(a) Genitive
(b) Possessive
Пћт мђленького ребёнка почтќ не пђхнет. A small child's sweat has little smell.
Љй нрђвился дђже зђпах пћта её мџжа. She even liked the smell of her husband's sweat.
Actant 2: where the sweat is
(a) на + Prepositional or на + Locative
На ветеркљ пћт на спинљ (or пћт на лбџ, etc.) бІстро вІсох. The sweat on his back (or brow, etc.) dried quickly in the breeze.

Lexical Relationships

Syntactic derivatives

потовћй Technical sweat (as modifier)
потовІе жљлезы sweat glands

Generic terms

выделљния secretion

Expressing units of sweat

кђпля пћтаg a drop of sweat
NB Note that the word кђпля "a drop" is used to measure the quantity of sweat and some other body fluids, but not the quantity of tears, because слезђ (Sg.) "a tear" is by definition one drop.

Amount, smell, and other physical properties

обќльный пћт abundant sweat
крџпные кђпли пћтаg large drops of sweat
мљлкие кђпли пћтаg droplets of sweat
(мљлкий) бќсер пћтаg на лбџloc (small) beads of sweat on someone's forehead
струї потаg a rivulet of sweat
ручьќ пћтаg streams of sweat
солёный пћт salty sweat
зђпах пћтаg the smell of sweat
љдкий зђпах пћтаg the acrid smell of sweat
ћстрый зђпах пћтаg the sharp smell of sweat
В нћс емџ удђрил ћстрый зђпах лошадќного пћта. The sharp smell of a horse's sweat assaulted his nose.
Sweating

Constructions with sweat as the subject of the clause

выступђть/вІступить: у Ng пћтn вІступил на лицљp (or спинљp, etc.) sweat broke out on N's face (or back, etc.)
тљчь [no Pf.]: у Ng пћтn течёт (ручьёмi or ручьїмиi) по лицџd (or спинљd, etc.);
струќться [no Pf.]: у Ng пћтn струќтся по лицџd (or спинљd, etc.);
катќться [no Pf.]: с Ng потn кђтится грђдомi; у Ng пћтn кђтится (грђдомi, or ручьёмi, or ручьїмиi) по лицџd (or спинљd, etc.) 		sweat runs down N's face (or back, etc.)
NB The modifier грђдом "in streams" is only used with лћб and лицћ.
... пћт обќльными ручьїми катќлся по лицџ мужикђ. [Григорович, Антон-Горемыка] ... sweat streamed down the peasant's face. [Grigorovich, "Anton the Wretch"]
кђпать [no Pf.]: у Ng пћтn кђпает со лбђg (or с нћсаg) sweat drips from N's forehead/nose

Constructions with the person (or animal) as the subject of the clause

потљть/вспотљть, пропотљть to sweat
Пћсле аспирќна ћн вљсь пропотљл и температџра спђла. After he took the aspirin he sweated all over and his temperature fell.
бІть [no Pf.] (вљсь) в потџloc to be sweaty
Ћн прибежђл вљсь в потџ. He came running all in a sweat.
NB A synonymous expression, в мІле "in a lather" is often used to refer to animals, especially horses.
(вљсь) покрывђться/покрІться пћтомi to be covered with sweat
Пётр Ивђнович от волнљния вљсь покрІлся пћтом. Anxiety covered Pyotr Ivanovich with sweat.
обливђться/облќться пћтомi to be covered with sweat
Стоїла жарђ, и пџтники обливђлись пћтом. It was hot and the travellers were covered with sweat.

Constructions with the body part as the subject of the clause

покрывђться/покрІться пћтомi: Nn1 у Ng2 покрІлся пћтомi N's2 N1 was covered with sweat
NB Several nouns can be used as subjects of this expression, e.g. лицћ "face," лћб "forehead," спинђ "back," шљя "neck," всё тљло "the whole body":
Лћб у Петрђ Ивђновича покрІлся пћтом. Pyotr Ivanovich's forehead broke out in a sweat.

Sweating as an emotional reaction

прошибђть/прошибќть: Na прошќб (холћдный) пћтn N broke into a (cold) sweat
И вдрџг пћл подо мнћй пољхал. Менї ђж холћдный пћт прошќб! Suddenly the floor moved under my feet. I broke out in a cold sweat!
обливђться [no Pf.] холћдным пћтомi;
покрывђться/покрІться холћдным пћтомi 		to be covered in a cold sweat
NB The above expressions are used exclusively to express fear, whereas the expressions below might also express anxiety, nervousness, or agitation.
бросђть/брћсить: Na брћсило в пћтa;
кидђть/кќнуть: Na кќнуло в пћтa 		N breaks out into a sweat

Sweat and the eyes

љсть [no Pf.]: пћтn љст Nd глазђa sweat stings N's eyes
заливђть/залќть: пћтn Nd заливђет глазђa sweat drips into N's eyes
Пћт струќлся со лбђ и заливђл бегунџ глазђ. Sweat streamed from the jogger's forehead and dripped into his eyes.

Other expressions

потлќвый someone who sweats easily or often
пћтный N; мћкрый N; мћкрый от пћтаg N a sweaty N, a N which is damp from sweat
NB N denotes an item of clothing.
пропотљть [no Impf.]: Nn пропотљл to get all wet with sweat
NB N denotes an article of clothing.
Сменќ рубђшку — глядќ, пропотљла всї. Change your shirt — look, it's all wet with sweat.
вытирђть/вІтереть пћтa (со лбђg, or с лицђg, or с шљиg, etc.) to wipe sweat (from one's forehead, or face, neck, etc.)
смывђть/смІть пћтa с лицђg (or с шљиg, etc.) to wash sweat from one's face (or neck, etc.)
деодорђнт; дезодорђнт deodorant

Sample texts

Со лбђ [Адџева] кђпали крџпные кђпли пћта. [Гончарћв, Обыкновљнная истћрия] Big drops of sweat dripped from Aduyev's forehead. [Goncharov, An Ordinary Story]
Панихќдин вІтер холћдный пћт, вІступивший на егћ блљдном лицљ. [Чљхов, Стрђшная нћчь] Panikhidin wiped off the cold sweat which had broken out on his pale face. [Chekhov, "An Awful Night"]
Пћт грђдом катќлся по егћ волосђтому лицџ... [Стругђцкие, Далёкая рђдуга] Sweat streamed down his hairy face... [A. and B. Strugatsky, The Distant Rainbow]